Information and Communication Technologies
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) :- Information and communication technologies (ICTs) which includes all applications and services that allow users to access, retrieve, store, transmit, the information in a digital form.
For Example, internet, phones, computers, software, video conferencing, social networking, and other, the importance of ICT initiatives in the agricultural and related industries to reducing the technological gap and an effective tool for global economic and social growth.
Benefits of Information and communication technologies
Commodity and stock market price information and analysis,
Meteorological data collection,
Advisory services to farmers for agricultural extension,
Early warning systems for disaster prevention and control,
Financial services,
Traceability of agricultural products,
Agricultural statistical data gathering.
not only in education, its helps in agriculture, film industry, news and lifestyle also.
General abbreviations:- Information and communication technologies.
BIOS – The computer’s basic input and output system , A chip linked to the motherboard contains the instructions.
PC – Personal Computer
BYTE – Byte is known as the Storage of data
CPU – Central Processing Unit of the Computer
OS – Operating System of the Computer
PDF – Portable Document Format
RAM – Random Access Memory
ROM – Read Only Memory
AGP – Accelerated Graphic Port
EPROM – Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory
HDD – Hard Disk Drive
WWW – World Wide Web
PCI – Peripheral Component Interconnect
UNIVAC – Universal Automatic Computer
GUI – Graphic User Interface
USB – Universal Serial Board
VGA – Visual Graphic Adaptor
ASCII – American Standard Code for Information Interchange
WAN – Wide Area Network
EBCDIC – Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code
LAN – Local Area Network
ALU – Arithmetic and Logical Unit
DVD – Digital Versatile Disc
CD – Compact Disk
VDU – Visual Display Unit
PROM – Programmable Read Only Memory
URL – Universal Resource Locator
SIM – Subscriber Identification Module
MHZ – Megahertz
GHZ – Gigahertz
ISP – Internet Service Provider
DBMS – Database Management System
SQL – Structured Query Language
PAN – Personal Area Network
IC – Integrated Circuit
PDT – Parallel Data Transmission
PDA – Personal Digital Assistant
USSD – Unstructured Supplementary Service Data
COBOL – Common Basic Oriented Language
CSS – Cascading Style Sheet
XML – Extensible Markup Language
VPN – Virtual Private Network
SEO – Search Engine Optimization
SEM – Search Engine Marketing
IP – Internet Protocol
PAN – Permanent Account Number
SIM – Subscriber Identity Module
ATM – Automated Teller Machine
IFSC – Indian Financial System Code
FSSAI – Food Safety & Standards Authority of India
Wi-Fi – Wireless Fidelity
HDMI – High-Definition Multimedia Interface
HTML – Hypertext Markup Language
HTTP – Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTPS – Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
VIRUS – Vital Information Resources Under Siege
IMEI – International Mobile Equipment Identity
ESN – Electronic Serial Number
UPS – Uninterruptible Power Supply
HDMI – High Definition Multimedia Interface
VPN – Virtual Private Network
APN – Access Point Name
LED – Light Emitting Diode
VGA – Video Graphics Array
USB – Universal Serial Bus
WLAN – Wireless Local Area Network
PPI – Pixels Per Inch
LCD – Liquid Crystal Display
SLCD – Super Liquid Crystal Display
SNS – Social Network Service
GPS – Global Positioning System
APK – Authenticated Public Key
DNS: Domain Name System
2FA – Two Factor Authentication
3G – Third Generation
4G – Fourth Generation
5G – Fifth Generation
AI – Artificial Intelligence
ALU – Arithmetic Logic Unit
API – Application Programming Interface
APN – Access Point Name
B2B – Business-to-Business
B2C – Business-to-Consumer
C2C – Customer to Customer
BCC – Blind Carbon Copy
CC – Carbon Copy
CBT – Computer-Based Training
CSS – Cascading Style Sheets
CSV – Comma-Separated Values
CTR – Click-Through Rate
DC – Direct Current
DOS – Disk Operating System
DPI – Dots Per Inch
ERP – Enterprise Resource Planning
FDD – Floppy Disk Drive
FTP – File Transfer Protocol
GB – Gigabyte
GIF – Graphics Interchange Format
GPS – Global Positioning System
GUI – Graphical User Interface
IoT – Internet of Things
ISO – International Organization for Standardization
LIFO – Last In, First Out
FIFO – First-In, First-Out
Mbps – Megabits per second
PPC – Pay-per-click
QA – Quality Assurance
ROI – Return on Investment
RTF – Rich Text Format
SaaS – Software as a Service
SMTP – Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SQL – Structured Query Language
SSL – Secure Sockets Layer
UI – User Interface
UX – User Experience
VR – Virtual Reality
XSL – Extensible Stylesheet Language
The following are the most commonly used file size options:
Byte (B): The smallest unit of file size, equivalent to 8 bits.
Kilobyte (KB): 1 KB is equivalent to 1024 bytes.
Megabyte (MB): 1 MB is equivalent to 1024.
Gigabyte (GB): 1 GB is equivalent to 1024 MB.
Terabyte (TB): 1 TB is equivalent to 1024 GB.
Petabyte (PB): 1 PB is equivalent to 1024 TB.
Basics of Internet, Intranet, E-mail, Audio and Video-conferencing :-
Internet :-
The Internet is a system of connected, accessible to everyone computer networks that transmit data globally. It is a “network of networks” made up of millions of smaller domestic, academic, commercial, and governmental networks that collectively transmit different types of data and services like email, online chat, file transfer, and interconnected Web pages and other documents.
Features :-
web-based audio- and video calling
Data transmission/file sharing
Instant messaging
Social networking
Online shopping
Banking services.
Web Page :- A web page is a piece of content on the internet ,that is made up of an HTML/PHP / file as well as any programming or graphics-related files.
Web Sites :- Place are used on the Web to display information. Web site provide some information about the page.
gov (government)
edu (educational institution) and
com (commercial) Network and organization are both.
Search Engines :- A search engine is a tool where a user often uses to access information from the Internet. Nowadays, a wide variety of search engines with unique features are accessible online.
Archie :- Archie a search tool for FTP files, is regarded as the first search engine created.
Veronica :- Veronica is regarded as being the first text-based search engine.
Google :- Google is the most widely used and well-known search engine. Bing, and Yahoo are some of the other well-known search engines.
Intranet :- An intranet is a private and secure business network that uses Internet Protocol (IP) to share data or application resources. The internet is a public network, in contrast to an intranet.
Benefits of Intranet :- finding and seeing information more quickly.
E-mail :- electronic mail , is an electronic message that can include text, files, photos, or other attachments that is transmitted via a network to a particular individual or collection of persons.
These are the elements of an electronic mail:
From : – The email address of sender.
To : – The email address of recipient(s).
Subject :- Reason for message.
Attachment :- contain the files that you want to send.
E-mail Address :- Address consist two parts : 1. user part 2. Domain part
for ex :- userpart@domainpart (ntaugcnet@gmail.com)