Logical Reasoning | Important for UGC NET Paper -1
Logical Reasoning :-
It evaluates the reader’s capacity to comprehend and solve logically problems and concepts expressed in words is referred to as logical reasoning.
Understanding the structure of arguments :-
structure of categorical propositions :- In logical reasoning, an argument or statements is categorical if the object of the argument is completely accepted or rejected for all or portion of the subject.
categorical propositions are of four basic forms :-
All S is P = A (for example All man are white )
No S is P = E (for example No man are white )
Some S is P = I (for example some man are white )
Some S is not P = O (for example some man are not white )
Mood and Figure :-
For mood :-
All S is P = A (for example All man are white )
No S is P = E (for example No man are white )
Some S is P = I (for example some man are white )
Some S is not P = O (for example some man are not white )
In question three thing are there :-
1 Argument – 1
2 Argument – 2
3 Conclusion
steps for find out the mood
steps 1 :- find out the major term in conclusion , which will come last in conclusion.
steps 2 :- search major term in Argument – 1 and Argument – 2 where is major term available.
steps 3 :- if major term is available in Argument – 1 there is no issue , if major term is available in Argument – 2 , then arrange the position 2 to position 1
steps 4 :- find out the Argument – 1 and Argument – 2 and Conclusion Mood as per the statement.
All S is P = A
No S is P = E
Some S is P = I
Some S is not P = O
example :-
Argument – 1 :- All B are C.
Argument – 2 :- All A are B.
Conclusion :- All A are C.
Mood will be :- AAA
Figure :-
find out the middle term of the given Argument – 1 and Argument – 2 .
Note :- Middle term :- The term which is not available in Conclusion is called Middle term .
If major term is available in Argument – 1 there is no issue ,
If major term is available in Argument – 2 , then arrange the position 2 to position 1
There are 4 types of figure :-
find out the middle term and check how they are creating the figure. like figure 1 , figure 2 , figure 3 , figure 4.
for example :-
Argument – 1 :- All B are C.
Arguments – 2 :- All A are B.
Conclusion :- All A are C.
figure will be :- figure 1 , in example major term is C, which is available in Argument – 1 and middle term is B and follow the figure 1.
Classical square of opposition:-
logical reasoning is extract the conclusion on the basis of given context.
Q 1 Ravi runs a route for milk. He distributes 50 kg of milk to customers in his village every morning. Ravi needs an hour to deliver the milk. When Ravi has other responsibilities, his friend Mohan occasionally deliver the milk on his behalf.
a Mohan and Ravi both live in the same village.
b Mohan needs over an hour to deliver the milk.
c When Ravi starts making his deliveries, it is completely dark outside.
d Mohan wants to run his own milk delivery service.
Ans: A
Ravi and Mohan’s shared street suggests that they are residents of the same village. No other options are correct.
Q 2 At 12 years old, Saurabh. He’s been asking with his parents for a puppy for the past three years. While they have given him permission to own a bird, his parents have informed him that they think a dog would not be comfortable in a flat. Saurabh has not yet made up his mind on the bird.
a Saurabh’s parents prefer birds over dogs.
b Birds are irrelevant to Saurabh.
c Saurabh’s family resides in a flat.
d Saurabh and his parents want to relocate.
Answer: c
Explanation:
Since Saurabh’s parents think a dog would not be happy in an flat , we can reasonably conclude that the family lives in an flat. We do not know if Saurabh’s parents dislike dogs (choice a) or if Saurabh dislikes birds (choice b).There is no support for choice d.
Q 3 Sonu’s never worried Because there were always seats available on the train and he could peacefully pass the 1 hour by reading the newspaper or completing documentation work, The train has been extremely busy ever since the schedule changed, and by the time the doors open at his station, there isn’t a seat left.
a It would be better for sonu to take the bus to work.
B Since the train schedule was adjusted, the travel from train is less convenient.
c The new train schedule will draw a lot of time to travel.
D Sonu will hunt for employment in his area.
Solution: Option b
Explanation:
According to the paragraph, Sonu’s didn’t worry because he could always find a seat and work comfortably while doing documentation or reading. As a result of the time table change and the increased crowding, it is dificult to presume that Sonu’s travel has grown less comfortable. Choices a, c, and d are not supported by the information provided.
Important Logical Reasoning Question for UGC NET Exam preparation and Put the answer on comment.
Q 1 Sonu and Saurabh changed their travel plans after hearing about the cyclone. They made reservations in Bangalore in the Nandi hills rather than the Goa beach resort. Although their plans were a little more expensive, they were relieved to locate availability so quickly because they had heard excellent things about the Nandi hills.
a Every year, Sonu and Saurabh go on beach vacations.
b Nandi hills is more expensive
c At the Nandi hills, reservations must often be made at least one year in advance.
d Because of the cyclone, Sonu and Saurabh changed their travel plan.